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Atrial Fibrillation

Pham Cardiovascular Staff

Atrial fibrillation is an abnormal heart rhythm that affects approximately 2.7-6.1 Million people in the U.S. according to CDC statistics.


Abnormal heart rhythms or arrhythmias are when the heart beats irregularly, rapidly, or slowly. In atrial fibrillation the upper two chambers of the heart pump irregularly in turn affecting the blood flow to the lower chambers of the heart. This can cause clots to form. These clots can break off and travel to the brain, lungs or other organs of the body restricting blood flow to the organ, which can be fatal. Uncontrolled atrial fibrillation can also cause heart failure.


Symptoms


Symptoms of atrial fibrillation vary from person to person. Symptoms include:

  • Chest pain

  • Dizziness or feeling lightheaded

  • Palpitations, irregular or fast heart rate

  • Feeling short of breath

  • Weakness or fatigue

Risk Factors


Multiple factors put people at risk for developing atrial fibrillation such as:

  • Age, the chance of developing atrial fibrillation increases the older you get

  • Heart valve issues

  • High blood pressure

  • Heart attack

  • Thyroid issues

  • History of heart surgery

  • Coronary artery disease

  • Lung diseases

  • Sleep apnea

  • Heart defect

  • Obesity

  • Tobacco, alcohol, or drug use

  • Family history


Treatment


Treatments include medications that thin the blood, decreasing the risk of clots forming, medications that control heart rate, or medications that normalize heart rhythm. If a patient cannot tolerate or does not respond to medications, there are surgical and non-surgical procedures that can be performed. These procedures can restore the heart rhythm to normal or control the heart rhythm.








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